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Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
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- UK Public General Acts
- 1981 c. 69
- SCHEDULE 8
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Changes to legislation:
Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, SCHEDULE 8 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 19 April 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the ‘Changes to Legislation’ area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the legislation in the affected provisions. Use the ‘more’ link to open the changes and effects relevant to the provision you are viewing.
Changes and effects yet to be applied to the whole Act associated Parts and Chapters:
Whole provisions yet to be inserted into this Act (including any effects on those provisions):
- s. 53(3)(c)(ia) inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 2(b)
- s. 53B(4A)(4B) inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 4
- s. 53ZA inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 3
- s. 54B 54C inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 5
- Sch. 13A inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 6
- Sch. 14A inserted by 2015 c. 20 Sch. 7 para. 7
Sections 13, 22 and 24.
SCHEDULE 8E+W+S Plants which are Protected
| Common name | Scientific name |
|---|---|
| [F1Adder’s-tongue, Least] | [F1Ophioglossum lusitanicum] |
| Alison, Small | Alyssum alyssoides |
| [F2Anomodon, Long-leaved] | [F2Anomodon longifolius] |
| [F2Beech-lichen, New Forest] | [F2Enterographa elaborata] |
| [F3Blackwort] | [F3Southbya nigrella] |
| [F2Bluebell (in respect of section 13(2) only)] | [F2Hyacinthoides non-scripta] |
| [F2Bolete, Royal] | [F2Boletus regius] |
| Broomrape, Bedstraw | Orobanche caryophyllacea |
| Broomrape, Oxtongue | Orobanche loricata |
| Broomrape, Thistle | Orobanche reticulata |
| [F1Cabbage, Lundy] | [F1Rhynchosinapis wrightii] |
| Calamint, Wood | Calamintha sylvatica |
| [F3Caloplaca, Snow] | [F3Caloplaca nivalis] |
| [F3Catapyrenium, Tree] | [F3Catapyrenium psoromoides] |
| Catchfly, Alpine | Lychnis alpina |
| [F3Catillaria, Laurer’s] | [F3Catellaria laurei] |
| [F3Centaury, Slender] | [F3Centaurium tenuiflorum] |
| Cinquefoil, Rock | Potentilla rupestris |
| [F2Cladonia, Convoluted] | [F2Cladonia convoluta] |
| [F3Cladonia, Upright Mountain] | [F3Cladonia stricta] |
| [F3Clary, Meadow] | [F3Salvia pratensis] |
| Club-rush, Triangular | Scirpus triquetrus |
| [F1Colt’s-foot, Purple] | [F1Homogyne alpina] |
| Cotoneaster, Wild | Cotoneaster integerrimus |
| [F1Cottongrass, Slender] | [F1Eriophorum gracile] |
| Cow-wheat, Field | Melampyrum arvense |
| [F1Crocus, Sand] | [F1Romulea columnae] |
| [F3Crystalwort, Lizard] | [F3Riccia bifurca] |
| [F3Cudweed, Broad-leaved] | [F3Filago pryamidata] |
| Cudweed, Jersey | Gnaphalium luteoalbum |
| [F1Cudweed, Red-tipped] | [F1Filago lutescens] |
| [F2Cut-grass] | [F2Leersia oryzoides] |
| [F2Deptford Pink (in respect of England and Wales only)] | [F2Dianthus armeria] |
| Diapensia | Diapensia lapponica |
| [F4[F3Dock, Shore] [F5(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F3Rumex rupestris]] |
| [F3Earwort, Marsh] | [F3Jamesoniella undulifolia] |
| Eryngo, Field | Eryngium campestre |
| [F2Feather-moss, Polar] | [F2Hygrohypnum polare] |
| Fern, Dickie’s Bladder | Cystopteris dickieana |
| [F4Fern, Killarney [F6(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4Trichomanes speciosum] |
| [F3Flapwort, Norfolk] | [F3Leiocolea rutheana] |
| [F1Fleabane, Alpine] | [F1Erigeron borealis] |
| [F1Fleabane, Small] | [F1Pulicaria vulgaris] |
| [F3Frostwort, Pointed] | [F3Gymnomitrion apiculatum] |
| [F2Fungus, Hedgehog] | [F2Hericium erinaceum] |
| Galingale, Brown | Cyperus fuscus |
| Gentian, Alpine | Gentiana nivalis |
| [F3Gentian, Dune] | [F3Gentianella uliginosa] |
| [F4[F3Gentian, Early] [F7(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F3 Gentianella anglica]] |
| [F1Gentian, Fringed] | [F1Gentianella ciliata] |
| Gentian, Spring | Gentiana verna |
| [F1Germander, Cut-leaved] | [F1Teucrium botrys] |
| Germander, Water | Teucrium scordium |
| Gladiolus, Wild | Gladiolus illyricus |
| [F2Goblin Lights] | [F2Catolechia wahlenbergii] |
| [F1Goosefoot, Stinking] | [F1Chenopodium vulvaria] |
| [F1Grass-poly] | [F1Lythrum hyssopifolia] |
| [F3Grimmia, Blunt-leaved] | [F3Grimmia unicolor] |
| [F3Gyalecta, Elm] | [F3Gyalecta ulmi] |
| Hare’s-ear, Sickle-leaved | Bupleurum falcatum |
| Hare’s-ear, Small | Bupleurum baldense |
| [F1Hawk’s-beard, Stinking] | [F1Crepis foetida] |
| [F3Hawkweed, Northroe] | [F3Hieracium northroense] |
| [F3Hawkweed, Shetland] | [F3Hieracium zetlandicum] |
| [F3Hawkweed, Weak-leaved] | [F3Hieracium attenuatifolium] |
| Heath, Blue | Phyllodoce caerulea |
| Helleborine, Red | Cephalanthera rubra |
| [F8[F1Helleborine, Young’s]] | [F8[F1Epipactis youngiana]] |
| [F1Horsetail, Branched] | [F1Equisetum ramosissimum] |
| [F1Hound’s-tongue, Green] | [F1Cynoglossum germanicum] |
| Knawel, Perennial | Scleranthus perennis |
| Knotgrass, Sea | Polygonum maritimum |
| [F4Lady’s-slipper [F9(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4Cypripedium calceolus] |
| F10. . . | F10. . . |
| F10. . . | F10. . . |
| [F8[F3Lecanactis, Churchyard]] | [F8[F3Lecanactis hemisphaerica]] |
| [F3Lecanora, Tarn] | [F3Lecanora archariana] |
| [F3Lecidea, Copper] | [F3Lecidea inops] |
| Leek, Round-headed | Allium sphaerocephalon |
| Lettuce, Least | Lactuca saligna |
| [F3Lichen, Arctic Kidney] | [F3Nephroma arcticum] |
| [F3Lichen, Ciliate Strap] | [F3Heterodermia leucomelos] |
| [F3Lichen, Coralloid Rosette] | [F3Heterodermia propagulifera] |
| [F3Lichen, Ear-lobed Dog] | [F3Peltigera lepidophora] |
| [F3Lichen, Forked Hair] | [F3Bryoria furcellata] |
| [F3Lichen, Golden Hair] | [F3Teloschistes flavicans] |
| [F3Lichen, Orange Fruited Elm] | [F3Caloplaca luteoalba] |
| [F3Lichen, River Jelly] | [F3Collema dichotomum] |
| [F3Lichen, Scaly Breck] | [F3Squamarina lentigera] |
| [F3Lichen, Stary Breck] | [F3Buellia asterella] |
| Lily, Snowdon | Lloydia serotina |
| [F3Liverwort] | [F3Petallophyllum ralfsi] |
| [F3Liverwort, Lindenberg’s Leafy] | [F3Adelanthus lindenbergianus] |
| Marsh-mallow, Rough | Althaea hirsuta |
| [F4[F1Marshwort, Creeping] [F11(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F1Apium repens]] |
| [F1Milk-parsley, Cambridge] | [F1Selinum carvifolia] |
| [F3Moss] | [F3Drepanocladius vernicosus] |
| [F3Moss, Alpine Copper] | [F3Mielichoferia mielichoferi] |
| [F3Moss, Baltic Bog] | [F3Sphagnum balticum] |
| [F3Moss, Blue Dew] | [F3Saelania glaucescens] |
| [F3Moss, Blunt-leaved Bristle] | [F3Orthotrichum obtusifolium] |
| [F3Moss, Bright Green Cave | Cyclodictyon laetevirens] |
| [F3Moss, Cordate Beard] | [F3Barbula cordata] |
| [F3Moss, Cornish Path] | [F3Ditrichum cornubicum] |
| [F3Moss, Derbyshire Feather] | [F3Thamnobryum angustifolium] |
| [F8[F3Moss, Dune Thread]] | [F8[F3Bryum mamillatum]] |
| [F2Moss, Flamingo] | [F2Desmatodon cernuus] |
| [F3Moss, Glaucous Beard] | [F3Barbula glauca] |
| [F3Moss, Green Shield] | [F3Buxbaumia viridis] |
| [F3Moss, Hair Silk] | [F3Plagiothecium piliferum] |
| [F3Moss, Knothole] | [F3Zygodon forsteri] |
| [F3Moss Large Yellow Feather] | [F3Scorpidium turgescens] |
| [F3Moss, Millimetre] | [F3Micromitrium tenerum] |
| [F3Moss, Multifruited River] | [F3Cryphaea lamyana] |
| [F3Moss, Nowell’s Limestone] | [F3Zygodon gracilis] |
| [F3Moss, Rigid Apple] | [F3Bartramia stricta] |
| [F3Moss, Round-leaved Feather] | [F3Rhynocostegium rotundifolium] |
| [F3Moss, Schleicher’s Thread] | [F3Bryum schleicheri] |
| [F3Moss, Triangular Pygmy] | { F3Acaulon triquetrum |
| [F3Moss, Vaucher’s Feather] | [F3Hypnum vaucheri] |
| [F3Mudwort, Welsh] | [F3Limosella australis] |
| [F1Naiad, Holly-leaved] | [F1Najas marina] |
| [F4[F3Naiad, Slender] [F12(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F3Najas flexilis]] |
| [F3Orache, Stalked] | [F3Halimione pedunculata] |
| Orchid, Early Spider | Ophryas sphegodes |
| [F4Orchid, Fen [F13 (in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4Liparis loeselii] |
| Orchid, Ghost | Epipogium aphyllum |
| [F3Orchid, Lapland Marsh] | [F3Dactylorhiza lapponica] |
| Orchid, Late Spider | Ophrys fuciflora |
| Orchid, Lizard | Himantoglossum hircinum |
| Orchid, Military | Orchis militaris |
| Orchid, Monkey | Orchis simia |
| [F3Pannaria, Caledonia] | [F3Pannaria ignobilis] |
| [F3Parmelia, New Forest] | [F3Parmelia minarum] |
| [F3Parmentaria, Oil Stain] | [F3Parmentaria chilensis] |
| Pear, Plymouth | Pyrus cordata |
| [F3Penny-cress, Perfoliate] | [F3Thlaspi perfoliatum] |
| [F1Pennyroyal] | [F1Mentha pulegium] |
| [F3Pertusaria, Alpine Moss] | [F3Pertusaria bryontha] |
| [F3Physcia, Southern Grey] | [F3Physcia tribacioides] |
| [F1Pigmyweed] | [F1Crassula aquatica] |
| [F3Pine, Ground] | [F3Ajuga chamaepitys] |
| Pink, Cheddar | Dianthus gratianopolitanus |
| Pink, Childling | Petroraghia nanteuilii |
| [F4[F3Plantain, Floating Water] [F14(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F3Luronium natans]] |
| [F2Polypore, Oak] | [F2Buglossoporus pulvinus] |
| [F3Pseudocyphellaria, Ragged] | [F3Pseudocyphellaria lacerata] |
| [F3Psora, Rusty Alpine] | [F3Psora rubiformis] |
| [F2Puffball, Sandy Stilt] | [F2Battarraea phalloides] |
| [F1Ragwort, Fen] | [F1Senecio paludosus] |
| [F1Ramping-fumitory, Martin’s] | [F1Fumaria martinii] |
| [F3Rampion, Spiked] | [F3Phyteuma spicatum] |
| [F1Restharrow, Small] | [F1Ononis reclinata] |
| [F1Rock-cress, Alpine] | [F1Arabis alpina] |
| [F1Rock-cress, Bristol] | [F1Arabis stricta] |
| [F15Rock Nail] | [F15Calicium corynellum] |
| [F3Rustworth, Western] | [F3Marsupella profunda] |
| Sandwort, Norwegian | Arenaria norvegica |
| Sandwort, Teesdale | Minuartia stricta |
| Saxifrage, Drooping | Saxifraga cernua |
| [F4[F3Saxifrage, Marsh] [F16(in respect of section 13(2) only)]] | [F4[F3Saxifrage hirulus]] |
| Saxifrage, Tufted | Saxifraga cespitosa |
| [F3Solenopsora, Serpentine] | [F3Solenopsora liparina] |
| Solomon’s-seal, Whorled | Polygonatum verticillatum |
| Sow-thistle, Alpine | Cicerbita alpina |
| Spearwort, Adder’s-tongue | Ranunculus ophioglossifolius |
| [F1Speedwell, Fingered] | [F1Veronica triphyllos] |
| Speedwell, Spiked | Veronica spicata |
| F10. . . | F10. . . |
| [F2Spike-rush, Dwarf] | [F2Eleocharis parvula] |
| [F2Stack Fleawort, South] | [F2Tephroseris integrifolia (ssp maritima)] |
| [F1Star-of-Bethlehem, Early] | [F1Gagea bohemica] |
| Starfruit | Damasonium alisma |
| [F3Stonewort, Bearded] | [F3Chara canescens] |
| [F1Stonewort, Foxtail] | [F1Lamprothamnium papulosum] |
| [F1Strapwort] | [F1Corrigiola litoralis] |
| [F2Sulphur-tresses, Alpine] | [F2Alectoria ochroleuca] |
| [F8[F2Threadmoss, Long-leaved]] | [F8[F2Bryum neodamense]] |
| [F15Tree Lungwort (in respect of section 13(2) only)] | [F15Lobaria pulmonaria] |
| [F3Turpswort] | [F3Geocalyx graveolens] |
| Violet, Fen | Viola persicifolia |
| [F1Viper’s-grass] | [F1Scorzonera humilis] |
| Water-plantain, Ribbon leaved | Alisma gramineum |
| Wood-sedge, Starved | Carex depauperata |
| Woodsia, Alpine | Woodsia alpina |
| Woodsia, Oblong | Woodsia ilvensis |
| Wormwood, Field | Artemisia campestris |
| Woundwort, Downy | Stachys germanica |
| Woundwort, Limestone | Stachys alpina |
| Yellow-rattle, Greater | Rhinanthus serotinus |
Textual Amendments
F1Entry in Sch. 8 added by S.I. 1988/288, art. 3
F2 Entries in Sch. 8 added (16.4.1998) by S.I. 1998/878, art. 3
F3Entries in Sch. 8 added (29.10.1992) by S.I. 1992/2350, art. 3(1)
F4 Sch. 8: entries removed (S.) (15.2.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) Amendment (Scotland) Regulations 2007 (S.S.I. 2007/80), reg. 29
F5Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(a)
F6Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(b)
F7Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(c)
F8 Entries in Sch. 8 omitted (E.W.) (1.10.2011) by virtue of The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Variation of Schedules 5 and 8) (England and Wales) Order 2011 (S.I. 2011/2015), arts. 1(b), 3(3), Sch. 4
F9Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(d)
F10Entries in Sch. 8 removed (29.10.1992) by S.I. 1992/2350, art. 3(2)
F11Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(e)
F12Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(f)
F13Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(g)
F14Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(h)
F15 Entries in Sch. 8 inserted (E.W.) (1.10.2011) by The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Variation of Schedules 5 and 8) (England and Wales) Order 2011 (S.I. 2011/2015), arts. 1(b), 3(2) ,Sch. 3
F16Sch. 8: words in entry inserted (E.W.) (21.8.2007) by The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/1843), reg. 7(8)(i)
Note. The common name or names given in the first column of this Schedule are included by way of guidance only; in the event of any dispute or proceedings, the common name or names shall not be taken into account.
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